进口量居高不下 拉美石化业利润持续承压

Group 1 - The Latin American chemical industry is facing significant pressure on profits due to excessive imports and declining local production [1][2] - The region has become a dumping ground for various chemical products, exacerbated by global supply surplus and low pricing [1][2] - Mexico's state-owned oil company, Pemex, has seen a nearly 75% decline in petrochemical production over recent years, contributing to increased imports to fill the supply gap [1][2] Group 2 - Brazil is experiencing low demand, falling prices, and profit pressures from both local production and imports, despite protective measures [2] - Mexico's natural gas production has decreased by one-third over the past 15 years, leading to a reliance on U.S. imports for 70% of its consumption [2] - Infrastructure bottlenecks in Mexico, including saturated ports and overloaded rail and road networks, are complicating the chemical industry's logistics [2] Group 3 - Mexico has implemented aggressive trade protection measures similar to U.S. policies, including tariffs on chemical products with significant import increases [3] - The USMCA agreement allows for tariffs on chemical products imported from Asia with increases over 300%, while other countries with free trade agreements are exempt [3] - The key challenge remains local production capabilities, as many companies in Brazil and Latin America rely heavily on imports for intermediate products [3]