农业农村部：农业国际贸易面临四方面挑战

Core Viewpoint - Current agricultural international trade faces significant challenges, including protectionism, geopolitical conflicts, extreme weather, and market speculation, which threaten the stability and predictability of trade [1][2][4]. Group 1: Challenges in Agricultural International Trade - Challenge one: Protectionism disrupts agricultural trade order, with countries misusing tariffs and trade remedies, violating WTO rules, and undermining global trade stability [1]. - Challenge two: Geopolitical conflicts hinder smooth agricultural trade, damaging infrastructure and disrupting production, leading to supply shortages and increased costs [2]. - Challenge three: Extreme weather events, exacerbated by climate phenomena like El Niño and La Niña, cause significant crop damage and increase uncertainty in global agricultural supply [2]. - Challenge four: Market speculation linked to agricultural products' energy and financial attributes leads to increased volatility in trade expectations [2]. Group 2: China's Role in Agricultural Trade - China has implemented a national food security strategy, maintaining grain production above 650 million tons for ten consecutive years, with a target of reaching 700 million tons in 2024 [3]. - China continues to lower tariffs and provide zero-tariff treatment for products from least developed countries, enhancing its position as the world's largest agricultural importer and fifth-largest exporter [3]. - China's agricultural trade policies aim to stabilize the international market, contributing to global agricultural resource allocation and resilience [3]. Group 3: Recommendations for Enhancing Agricultural Trade - Strengthening policy coordination to uphold the authority of the multilateral trade system is essential [4]. - Fostering innovation to cultivate new drivers for agricultural trade development is crucial [4]. - Enhancing cooperation and information sharing among countries can improve the resilience of the agricultural trade system [4][5]. - Promoting collaboration in agricultural production, processing, and logistics can create a more stable and resilient global agricultural supply chain [5].