联合国教科文组织通过首个神经技术伦理建议书

Core Viewpoint - The UNESCO member states have officially adopted the first global ethical framework for neurotechnology, titled "Recommendations on Ethical Issues in Neurotechnology," aimed at ensuring the technology benefits those in need while protecting human rights [1]. Group 1: Neurotechnology Overview - Neurotechnology includes tools that interact directly with the nervous system to measure, regulate, or stimulate it, with significant potential in the medical field [1]. - Applications such as deep brain stimulation can alleviate symptoms of depression and Parkinson's disease, while brain-machine interfaces enable disabled individuals to control prosthetics or communicate through thought [1]. Group 2: Regulatory and Ethical Considerations - Despite strict regulations in medical applications, there is a lack of standards in other areas where consumers use neurotechnology through everyday devices like smart headbands and headphones [1]. - The collected sensitive data from these devices can potentially reveal thoughts, emotions, and reactions, raising concerns about unauthorized sharing [1]. - The recommendations urge governments to ensure inclusivity and affordability of neurotechnology while establishing protections for the inviolability of human thought [1]. Group 3: Risks and Limitations - The framework highlights risks associated with neurotechnology, particularly recommending that its use in children and adolescents, whose brains are still developing, be limited to therapeutic purposes [1]. - It warns against using neurotechnology in workplaces to monitor productivity or create employee data profiles, emphasizing the need for explicit consent and transparency [1].