抽水蓄能产业迈向全链协同新生态

Core Insights - China is rapidly building a new power system under the "dual carbon" goals, with pumped storage hydropower entering a golden period of development as a stabilizer, regulator, and balancer of the power system [1][2] - The transition of pumped storage from a "regulator" to a "stabilizer" reflects the evolving demands of the energy structure transformation and the strategic elevation of pumped storage technology [2][3] - The industry faces challenges such as capacity and technology enhancement, pricing mechanism improvements, and insufficient industry chain collaboration [1][5] Group 1: Function Transformation - Pumped storage is evolving from primarily adjusting electricity supply to providing stability support for the entire system, addressing new challenges posed by high proportions of renewable energy [2][3] - The technology is now capable of providing critical services such as rotational inertia support, rapid reactive power regulation, and black start capabilities, making it essential for grid resilience [2][3] Group 2: Regional Practices - Different regions in China showcase the diverse roles of pumped storage, such as ensuring power supply safety during extreme weather in Northeast China and peak shaving during heating periods in North China [3] Group 3: Industry Chain Development - China has established a comprehensive industry chain for pumped storage, with significant advancements in design, equipment manufacturing, and construction, leading to a market-driven ecosystem [4][5] - Major state-owned enterprises are leading the construction of projects, contributing to substantial investments and job creation [4] Group 4: Structural Challenges - The industry faces structural bottlenecks, including mismatches between capacity and demand, challenges in design resources, and a shortage of qualified construction teams [5][6] - The industry also needs to address the "heavy construction, light operation" phenomenon and improve the pace of talent cultivation to match the growth in installed capacity [5][6] Group 5: Development Paradigm - The future of the pumped storage industry relies on the collaboration of policy, technology, and market forces, moving beyond single-point support to a more integrated approach [7][8] - A robust policy framework, particularly the "two-part electricity price" mechanism, is essential for providing stability and guiding the industry [7][8] Group 6: Technological Innovation - Technological advancements are crucial for meeting the higher demands of renewable energy systems, with innovations such as variable-speed units enhancing system flexibility [7][8] - The digital transformation of the industry is reshaping the entire value chain, enabling pumped storage plants to evolve into intelligent system nodes [8] Group 7: Market Development - The acceleration of a unified national electricity market is changing the operational landscape for pumped storage, creating multiple revenue channels through long-term contracts and market participation [8][9] - Future efforts should focus on refining market rules and establishing pricing mechanisms that reflect the system support value of pumped storage [8][9]