着力提高居民消费率

Core Viewpoint - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes significantly increasing the resident consumption rate as a primary goal for economic and social development, aiming to enhance domestic demand as a key driver of economic growth [1][2][4]. Economic Growth and Domestic Demand - China has a vast domestic market with substantial growth potential, and domestic demand is crucial for economic development. The retail sales of consumer goods have grown at an average annual rate of 5.5% over the past four years, with service consumption accounting for 46.1% of total consumption [1][2]. - The low resident consumption rate indicates that the advantages of China's large market have not been fully realized, highlighting the need to stimulate domestic demand amid external uncertainties [2][4]. Strategies to Enhance Resident Consumption - To improve the resident consumption rate, it is essential to enhance consumer capacity, innovate consumption scenarios, and optimize the consumption ecosystem. Key measures include stabilizing employment and increasing income, improving income distribution, and expanding the supply of quality goods and services [4][5]. - Strengthening social security and public services can reduce precautionary savings, thereby encouraging consumption [4][5]. Systematic Policy Framework - A systematic policy framework is proposed to enhance the resident consumption rate, which includes optimizing government expenditure structure and reinforcing institutional guarantees to activate the domestic market [7][8]. - The construction of a unified national market is essential, requiring the elimination of local protectionism and market segmentation, while enhancing investment in human capital and public services [7][8]. Long-term Mechanisms and Innovation - Establishing long-term mechanisms to expand consumption is vital, with a focus on technological innovation to drive new productive forces and build a modern industrial system [8]. - Continuous reforms and opening up are necessary to activate endogenous growth dynamics and ensure sustainable economic growth [8].