记者观察：全球首个商业“碳坟场”什么样？

Core Insights - The world's first full-chain carbon capture and storage (CCS) project, known as "Longship," has commenced commercial operations in Norway, marking a significant milestone in the CCS industry [1][3][4] - Norway's unique resources, geographical conditions, and financial strength have positioned it as a leader in advancing CCS projects, although operational and regulatory frameworks still require improvement [1][6] Investment and Financial Aspects - The "Longship" project has a total investment of 340 billion Norwegian Krone (approximately 33.8 billion USD), making it Norway's largest climate investment project to date [3][4] - The Norwegian government has provided around 220 billion Norwegian Krone (21.9 billion USD) in subsidies for construction and operation, while the EU has allocated 1.31 billion Euros (1.5 billion USD) to support the project [4][6] Technical and Operational Details - The project captures CO2 from a waste incineration plant and a cement factory in Oslo, transporting it via ship to a seabed geological layer for permanent storage at depths of 2,600 meters [3][4] - In its first phase, the project aims to sequester 1.5 million tons of CO2 annually, increasing to 5 million tons per year after 2028 [4][6] Strategic Partnerships and Future Prospects - The project is a collaboration between Equinor, Shell, and TotalEnergies, with Chinese shipbuilding companies involved in constructing the CO2 transport vessel [4][6] - The "Longship" project targets European companies in sectors like cement, steel, refining, and chemicals, indicating a broad commercial potential [10] Regulatory and Management Framework - The Norwegian government has established Gassnova, a state-owned enterprise, to oversee the CCS industry, ensuring effective risk management and coordination among various projects [10][11] - Despite significant government support, the regulatory framework for CCS still needs enhancement to build investor confidence and reduce operational costs [10][11]