流感毒株已发生变化！抗病毒药物还有效吗？“流感神药”还缺货吗

Group 1 - The dominant influenza strain in Shanghai has shifted from H1N1 in the first half of the year to H3N2 in the second half, with an expected peak in flu cases around late December to early January [1] - The Shanghai CDC has reported a rising positive detection rate for influenza as temperatures drop, indicating the onset of the flu season [1] - Current strains of the virus remain highly sensitive to antiviral medications such as neuraminidase inhibitors (e.g., Oseltamivir) and polymerase inhibitors (e.g., Baloxavir), ensuring effective treatment options are available [1] Group 2 - Hospitals in Shanghai are well-prepared for the respiratory infection season, with stable supplies of medications, including Azithromycin for mycoplasma infections, which previously faced shortages [2] - The price of Baloxavir (brand name: Sufuda) has remained stable this flu season, with 40mg tablets priced around 200 yuan, and pediatric formulations at approximately 250 yuan [2] - Two domestically approved antiviral medications, Mavlosavir (brand name: Yisuda) and Masilovavir (brand name: Jikeshou), are available with lower prices compared to Baloxavir, indicating a healthy supply chain [2] Group 3 - Clinical studies are ongoing to address the issue of drug resistance in existing antiviral medications, with Mavlosavir showing low mutation rates for H1N1 and H3N2 strains at 0.7% and 0.9% respectively, indicating a low risk of resistance [3] - No resistance mutations were detected in patients with type B influenza, suggesting the suitability of Mavlosavir for widespread and long-term clinical use [3]