裸鼹鼠长寿密码破译

Core Insights - The research team from Tongji University discovered that the naked mole rat possesses a unique protein, cGAS, which functions oppositely to its human counterpart, aiding in DNA repair and contributing to the animal's longevity [1][2] - The study highlights the significance of DNA repair capabilities in determining species lifespan, with naked mole rats living up to 40 years and showing resistance to various diseases [1] - The findings were published in the international journal "Science," providing new targets for anti-aging interventions [1] Group 1 - The naked mole rat's cGAS protein enhances homologous recombination repair efficiency, contrasting with the human cGAS protein that inhibits this process [1][2] - The research identified four evolutionarily specific amino acid sites in the C-terminal domain of naked mole rat cGAS that mediate the reversal of function [2] - Mutating these sites in naked mole rat cGAS leads to the loss of its DNA repair-promoting function, while introducing them into human cGAS can reverse its aging-promoting effects [2] Group 2 - Overexpression of naked mole rat cGAS in mice helps resist multi-organ aging, reduces systemic inflammation, and extends healthy lifespan [2] - The study explores the unique DNA repair mechanisms of naked mole rats and their association with longevity, potentially offering new insights for achieving "aging without decline" in humans [2]