OpenAI被判侵犯版权，示范性意义几何？

Core Viewpoint - A Munich court ruled that OpenAI infringed copyright by using song lyrics from German musicians for model training without permission, marking a significant legal precedent in the ongoing global disputes between copyright holders and large model companies [1][2]. Group 1: Legal Proceedings - The lawsuit was initiated by GEMA, a German copyright management organization, involving nine popular songs by German musicians [1]. - The court found that OpenAI's model retained a "memory" of the copyrighted lyrics, which were reproduced in outputs when users provided simple prompts, constituting copyright infringement [2]. - The court clarified that while large models may fall under the "text and data mining exception," this exception only applies to necessary data extraction for analysis, not to the copying of works that harms the copyright holder's economic interests [2]. Group 2: Implications for OpenAI - The court determined that OpenAI is responsible for unauthorized reproduction and public distribution of the lyrics, as the model's outputs are significantly influenced by its training data [3]. - OpenAI is expected to face compensation liabilities, although the court did not specify the amount, and negotiations for appropriate licensing fees are anticipated [3]. - OpenAI has expressed disagreement with the ruling and is considering its next steps, emphasizing that the decision affects only a portion of the lyrics and will not impact millions of users in Germany [3]. Group 3: Broader Context - OpenAI is also facing multiple copyright infringement lawsuits in the U.S., including a consolidated case involving over ten lawsuits, where it typically invokes "fair use" as a defense for using copyrighted content without consent [4].