吴敬琏：不要去指定行业以政策倾斜，而是培育创新环境

Core Insights - The transformation of the economic growth model is fundamentally driven by systemic changes, which are essential for fostering an environment conducive to innovation [1][3][5] Group 1: Economic Models - There exists a dual economic structure in China, where some regions and industries operate under a market-driven model (2B model), while others remain influenced by traditional administrative resource allocation methods (1B model) [3][4] - Regions that have successfully implemented the 2B model have achieved significant economic progress over the past 30 years, highlighting the disparity in development across different areas [3][4] Group 2: Government's Role - The belief that government agencies can effectively predict and dictate which industries or technologies will succeed is deemed unrealistic, as no institution can foresee the future viability of specific sectors [4][5] - The government should focus on creating a nurturing environment for innovative enterprises rather than directly intervening to select industries or technologies [5] Group 3: Innovation and Entrepreneurship - Successful emerging companies, such as DeepSeek and Xiaopeng humanoid robots, often rise without significant institutional support, relying instead on their innovation and alignment with market needs [4][5] - A conducive business environment can lead to the emergence of successful enterprises, even if only a small fraction of startups achieve significant growth [5]