【高端访谈】基础科研与商业落地“双轮驱动” 攻克人形机器人家庭应用难关——访中国科学院院士乔红

Core Insights - The Chinese robotics industry is experiencing unprecedented development opportunities amid increasing global technological competition, with hardware supply chains achieving comprehensive breakthroughs [1][2] - The industry is transitioning from a "follower" to a "peer" position, necessitating the construction of a complete innovation system to overcome technical challenges [3] Industry Development - China's robotics industry is on a fast track, with a complete hardware supply chain established, covering components from motors to overall structural design, ensuring self-sufficiency [2] - Domestic companies have shown remarkable performance in specific technical areas, such as quadruped robots, which are nearing international frontiers in capabilities like jumping and balancing [2] - There remains a gap in software and operating systems compared to international standards, but this gap is rapidly narrowing as domestic firms demonstrate strong learning and adaptation abilities [2] Innovation and Research - The integrity of the innovation chain and the maturity of business models are critical areas of focus, with many startups needing to strengthen long-term technological accumulation [2] - A significant number of companies face challenges due to a lack of sustained technological investment, which hampers innovation vitality [2] - The integration of academic research with industry needs is essential for creating a healthy innovation ecosystem [2] Technical Challenges - Current advancements in robotics are improving performance in high precision and reliability, but further optimization is needed for tasks requiring fine manipulation, such as assembly and grasping [4] - A multidisciplinary approach is being pursued to overcome technical bottlenecks, integrating knowledge from mathematics, neuroscience, and control theory to develop explainable and reasoning-capable intelligent systems [4] Future Outlook - The vision of humanoid robots becoming household assistants is shared by many tech companies and research institutions, although reliability and safety in complex home environments need further enhancement [6][7] - A "dual-driven" strategy is proposed, focusing on commercial application and foundational research to address core issues of high performance and reliability [7] - The establishment of a complete chain from research to application is crucial for accelerating technological iteration and providing practical solutions for enterprises [7] - A collaborative effort from various stakeholders is necessary to create a conducive innovation environment, ensuring that robotics technology can safely and reliably serve society [8]