【科技日报】天空地一体监测精准把脉九寨沟震后生态恢复进程

Core Viewpoint - The ecological restoration of Jiuzhaigou, a UNESCO World Heritage site, has shown significant improvement after the 2017 earthquake, with effective disaster management and recovery efforts reported by scientists using satellite remote sensing and drones [1][2]. Group 1: Ecological Recovery - The monitoring and assessment conducted by the Aerospace Information Research Institute and Jiuzhaigou World Heritage Management Bureau indicate that the ecological landscape of Jiuzhaigou has significantly recovered over eight years [1]. - Vegetation coverage in Jiuzhaigou decreased from 83.35% to 79.64% after the earthquake but has gradually increased, reaching 80.91%, 81.68%, and 82.12% in 2022, 2023, and 2024 respectively [2]. - The proportion of low vegetation coverage areas has significantly decreased, while the proportion of medium to high vegetation coverage areas has increased, indicating a steady recovery of the ecosystem [2]. Group 2: Geological Disaster Management - The research team has been tracking landslides and collapses in the Jiuzhaigou area, finding that high-risk zones have decreased and low-risk zones have increased [2]. - In 2023, the number of landslides and collapses decreased by 65, with a reduction in area by 0.6 square kilometers compared to 2022 [2]. - Some landslide surfaces have begun to regrow vegetation, indicating stabilization by 2024 [2]. Group 3: Ongoing Challenges and Recommendations - Despite the overall positive recovery, there are still potential risks of landslides and debris flows in areas heavily impacted by the earthquake, necessitating continued disaster engineering management and ecological restoration efforts [3]. - Recommendations include enhancing research on the relationship between atmospheric precipitation, snowmelt, and groundwater to address climate change impacts on the landscape [3]. - A comprehensive assessment system that integrates natural and human factors is essential for effective heritage protection, ensuring that human activities do not interfere with natural recovery processes [3].