智通财经网·2025-11-14 06:21Core Insights - Goldman Sachs highlights that significant disparities in electricity supply are becoming a critical variable that may slow down the expansion of AI infrastructure in the United States [1] - In contrast, China's abundant and cost-effective electricity supply could attract data center investments, potentially altering the global distribution of data centers and impacting related industries such as energy equipment and high-energy-consuming sectors like aluminum [1] Electricity Supply and Demand - By 2030, under a scenario of rapid growth in data center demand, the effective reserve electricity capacity in the U.S. may fall below the industry-recognized "critical line" of 15%, posing serious challenges to grid reliability [1] - Conversely, China's situation is markedly different, with projections indicating that due to substantial investments in renewable energy, coal, and nuclear power, it will have approximately 400 gigawatts of reserve electricity capacity by 2030, exceeding its own demand and more than three times the expected global data center electricity demand of about 120 gigawatts [1] Implications for AI Development - The bottleneck in electricity infrastructure may temporarily hinder the development of AI in the U.S. at least until 2030 [1] - Companies and investors relying on large-scale data centers in the U.S. may face higher electricity costs, longer project approval times, and even risks of electricity shortages in certain regions in the future [1]