破解生态产品价值实现“四难”，专家建议推进多项行动

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products is a significant strategic deployment in China, aimed at overcoming the existing challenges in measurement, transaction, monetization, and collateralization of ecological products [1][2]. Group 1: Current Challenges - The realization mechanism for ecological product value is still in the exploratory stage, with a lack of consensus on the definition and scope of ecological products, weak policy foundations, and insufficient coordination among various policies [2]. - The "four difficulties" (measurement, transaction, monetization, and collateralization) remain key bottlenecks hindering local practices [2][5]. - Common issues include a lack of sustainability in ecological product value evaluation, an imbalance between supply and demand, and insufficient ecological protection compensation [5]. Group 2: Policy and Implementation - By May 2025, 26 provinces and municipalities are expected to issue implementation plans for establishing ecological product value realization mechanisms, exploring region-specific models [2]. - Various regions are conducting trials to calculate the Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) and developing evaluation methods tailored to local characteristics [2]. - Examples include Shenzhen incorporating GEP as an expected indicator in planning, and certain counties in Zhejiang developing financial products based on GEP calculations [2]. Group 3: Future Directions - Experts suggest that future efforts should focus on integrating ecological product value realization with national strategic goals, enhancing county economic vitality, and promoting urban-rural integration [6]. - Recommendations include compiling special plans for ecological economic development, conducting suitability evaluations for ecological product value realization, and establishing a negative list system for market access [6]. - The need to clarify property rights, scientifically assess ecological product values, and enhance government roles in market cultivation is emphasized [6].