首部生态环境监测专门行政法规公布，有何亮点？

Group 1 - The "Ecological Environment Monitoring Regulations" is the first specialized administrative regulation in China for ecological environment monitoring, set to take effect on January 1, 2026, aiming to address challenges in the field [1] - The regulation categorizes monitoring into public monitoring, conducted by government and relevant departments, and self-monitoring, carried out by enterprises and institutions with legal monitoring obligations [1] - It establishes clear responsibilities for all parties involved in monitoring activities, including a legal obligation for enterprises to establish self-monitoring data quality management systems [1] Group 2 - The regulation aims to enhance the management of ecological environment monitoring institutions' qualifications, addressing issues like insufficient capability and "involution" competition [2] - It encourages the use of non-contact technologies such as remote sensing and drones for more efficient and less intrusive monitoring [2] - The regulation includes strict legal responsibilities for entities involved in data falsification, aiming to improve the quality of ecological environment monitoring data [2] Group 3 - The regulation implements a "double penalty" system, holding both the polluting entities and the technical service institutions accountable for their actions [3] - It emphasizes the responsibility of monitoring equipment manufacturers to prevent tampering with monitoring data, with provisions for public disclosure of non-compliance [3] - The regulation outlines the necessity for ongoing supervision of ecological environment monitoring institutions, including joint inspections and information sharing among departments [3]