警告“垃圾食品”威胁，呼吁各国政府行动，《柳叶刀》发文猛批超加工食品

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significant health threats posed by ultra-processed foods, urging governments worldwide to take action against their proliferation [1][2][3] Group 1: Definition and Impact of Ultra-Processed Foods - Ultra-processed foods are typically characterized by complex industrial processing, high palatability, and profitability, often including hydrogenation, frying, and various additives [1] - A study cited in the article indicates that 92 out of 104 studies link ultra-processed foods to chronic diseases, including obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, gastrointestinal disorders, and depression [2] - In the U.S., ultra-processed foods account for 70% of supermarket shelves, with children obtaining 62% of their daily caloric intake from these foods, while adults derive about 53% [2] Group 2: Market Dynamics and Financial Aspects - The global sales of ultra-processed foods have increased from $1.5 trillion in 2009 to $1.9 trillion in 2023, with eight major companies controlling 42% of the market [2] - As Western markets become saturated, companies are intensifying efforts to penetrate South American, African, and Indian markets, adversely affecting local traditional and healthy food markets [2] Group 3: Political and Social Implications - The article discusses a complex network of interests involving advertising firms, fast-food chains, suppliers, lobbyists, influencers, and even research institutions that work to obscure the negative impacts of ultra-processed foods [3] - The authors of the article advocate for the establishment of a multinational coalition involving governments, UN agencies, researchers, and public representatives to combat the growth of unhealthy foods [3] - The World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF have expressed support for the initiative, emphasizing the need for international policy frameworks to protect children and families from the harms of ultra-processed foods [3]