【新华社】探秘第三极！第二次青藏科考新成果发布

Core Insights - The second comprehensive scientific expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has released "Ten Application Achievements," showcasing significant advancements in ecological protection, disaster prevention, resource investigation, and carbon accounting [1][4][6]. Group 1: Application Achievements - The expedition has established a comprehensive observation and early warning platform for the Earth system [4]. - A proposal for optimizing the national park system and natural protection areas in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been put forward [4]. - Innovative disaster prevention technologies for permafrost regions have been developed [4]. - The assessment of major ecological projects in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has shown positive results [4]. - A monitoring network for greenhouse gas research has been established [1][4]. Group 2: Environmental Changes and Risks - The expedition identified significant environmental changes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, including warming, increased humidity, and enhanced water supply capabilities [6][7]. - The water supply capacity of the Asian water tower has notably increased, with projected runoff increases of up to 49% by the end of the century [6]. - The expedition revealed a tripling of risks associated with ice avalanches and glacial lake outburst floods in the future [6]. Group 3: Biodiversity Discoveries - New discoveries in biodiversity include the identification of a new group of echo-locating mammals, the pig-tailed mouse, challenging previous beliefs about echo-location in mammals [8][9]. - The study found that bird migration routes can be passed down through genetic memory, providing insights into the relationship between biological behavior and geological changes [9]. - Numerous new species and records were discovered, including previously thought extinct plants and rare animals, highlighting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau's unique biodiversity [9].