联合国机构报告警示极端高温对农业构成多重风险

Core Insights - The report emphasizes the multiple risks posed by extreme heat to agriculture and food systems, highlighting the urgent need for science-based solutions to enhance resilience and sustainability [1] Group 1: Impact on Agriculture - Extreme heat damages agriculture and threatens the livelihoods of approximately 1.23 billion people globally [1] - The risk of death for agricultural workers due to high-temperature operations has significantly increased, with an estimated loss of 470 billion work hours globally in 2021 due to extreme heat [1] - Predictions indicate that for every 1 degree Celsius increase in global average temperature, the yields of major crops like corn and wheat are expected to decline by 4% to 10% [1] Group 2: Climate Change Effects - The agricultural sector is one of the most severely affected by climate change, with drought and extreme heat overwhelming traditional risk management measures [1] - Climate change is altering crop yields, livestock productivity, water supply, and ecosystem functions, all of which directly impact food security, livelihoods, nutrition, and biodiversity [1] Group 3: Case Studies and Recommendations - The report examines case studies from countries such as Pakistan, Morocco, Chile, and Portugal regarding the chain reactions caused by extreme heat [2] - It proposes risk governance measures, including the implementation of sustainable irrigation practices and climate science-informed actions to mitigate climate change [2]