多元拓展清洁能源终端替代

Core Viewpoint - The development of clean energy is crucial for achieving the "dual carbon" goals, ensuring energy security, and promoting a comprehensive green transformation of the economy and society [1][2]. Group 1: Achievements in Clean Energy Development - Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," China's clean energy sector has rapidly advanced, achieving significant milestones. Compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan," renewable energy generation capacity and output have increased by approximately 18% and 10%, respectively. Nuclear power capacity and annual generation have risen by about 30%, while new energy storage capacity has grown nearly 30 times [2]. Group 2: Challenges in Clean Energy Sector - Despite rapid expansion, the clean energy sector faces deep-rooted challenges, including the contradiction between the rapid increase in installed capacity and insufficient consumption. There is a low proportion of non-electric utilization scenarios, and new energy storage and hydrogen energy have yet to establish stable and reliable business models. Additionally, the clean energy transition in end-use faces dual constraints of inadequate technical adaptability and high transformation costs [2]. Group 3: Strategies for Clean Energy Development - To address these challenges, a systematic approach is needed, focusing on supply, consumption, market, technology, and international cooperation. This includes enhancing the multi-supply of clean energy, accelerating the construction of clean energy storage and transportation networks, and optimizing the layout of the industrial chain to prevent excessive competition [3][4]. Group 4: Expanding Clean Energy Applications - The strategy involves diversifying clean energy applications in various sectors. In industry, there is a push for high-energy-consuming industries to relocate to areas rich in clean energy. In transportation, the development of clean energy transport corridors and integrated charging stations is emphasized. In buildings, existing structures are encouraged to install photovoltaic systems, and new public buildings are to fully utilize clean energy [4]. Group 5: Innovation and International Cooperation - Accelerating technological innovation in clean energy is essential, focusing on key technologies such as perovskite photovoltaics and floating offshore wind power. The establishment of a clean energy intellectual property operation center and high-value patent pool is also highlighted. Furthermore, international cooperation is encouraged, particularly in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, to enhance cross-border electricity interconnection and international power market development [5].