国际观察丨COP30凝聚全球共识 应对气候变化迈入新阶段

Core Points - The COP30 conference concluded with significant agreements, emphasizing the global consensus on the Paris Agreement and the irreversible trend towards green transformation [1][3][4] Group 1: Conference Outcomes - The conference adopted the political document "Global Mobilization: United Cooperation to Address Climate Change Challenges," which includes commitments on climate financing and international cooperation [3] - Developed countries are required to double their climate adaptation funding to developing countries by 2025 compared to 2019 levels, with a further doubling by 2035 [3] - For the first time, trade issues were included in the conference outcomes, stressing the need to avoid unilateral actions that create unfair trade discrimination against developing countries [3] Group 2: Global Support and Reactions - The outcomes received support from various groups, including the Alliance of Small Island States, which acknowledged the progress made despite imperfections [4] - The representative of the least developed countries expressed satisfaction with the commitment to increase adaptation funding for developing countries by 2035, highlighting the support for vulnerable populations [4] Group 3: Political Context and Implications - The absence of the U.S. federal government at the conference marked a significant shift, as it was the first time since 1995 that the U.S. did not send high-level representatives [7] - The conference showcased a strong political will among parties to unite against climate change, reflecting a global trend towards low-carbon and climate-resilient societies [7][8] - The conference's success was framed as a victory for science and multilateralism, indicating a collective desire to combat climate change despite geopolitical tensions [7][8] Group 4: China's Role - China played a pivotal role in advocating for the interests of developing countries, emphasizing the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and opposing unilateral measures [9] - The country has signed numerous cooperation agreements with developing nations, implementing over 300 capacity-building projects to support climate action [9][10] - China's approach highlights the importance of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, as reflected in its dual carbon goals and leadership in renewable energy [10]