Why Did UNH Stock Lose Half Its Value And What Comes Next?

Core Viewpoint - UnitedHealth Group's stock has seen a significant decline of nearly 50%, dropping from over $600 to approximately $310-$320, primarily due to issues with the Medical Care Ratio (MCR) and challenges faced by its Optum division [2][3]. Group 1: Stock Performance and Valuation - The stock's decline occurred in two phases: a severe drop in earnings and a collapse in valuation multiples [3][5]. - UnitedHealth previously had a premium valuation with a P/E ratio of 24x-26x, but this has now fallen to 16x-17x due to uncertainty in earnings [5][11]. - The MCR increased from around 82% in 2022 to approximately 88% by late 2025, significantly impacting profitability [11]. Group 2: Earnings Impact - Management revised the 2025 Adjusted EPS guidance down from approximately $29.50-$30.00 to at least $16.25, indicating a loss of over $13 per share in expected earnings [11]. - The increase in MCR was driven by higher-than-expected medical service utilization among Medicare Advantage members, leading to increased claims payouts [11][12]. Group 3: Optum Division Challenges - Optum's operating earnings are projected to decline from about $16.7 billion in 2024 to between $12.5 billion and $12.8 billion in 2025, indicating a loss of growth and profit protection for UnitedHealth [8][9]. - The value-based care model within Optum is facing similar challenges with utilization and significant investment costs affecting margins [12]. Group 4: Future Outlook and Recovery - For recovery, stabilization of the MCR and successful premium adjustments for 2026 are essential, along with a need for Optum to regain its growth trajectory [15][16]. - The current low P/E multiple may persist if management misjudges pricing or if MCR remains high, limiting potential upside [13][15].