“内卷式”竞争中的教育困境及治理路径

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is addressing the issue of "involution" in education, emphasizing the need for reform to promote a more balanced and holistic educational approach [1][2]. Group 1: Current Situation and Challenges - The phenomenon of "involution" in Jiangsu's education system is characterized by three intertwined dilemmas: value distortion, class mobility challenges, and cultural homogenization [2][3]. - Value distortion is evident as students face extreme academic pressure, with some high school seniors completing over 200 exercises daily, leading to widespread sleep disorders among 72% of students [2]. - Class mobility is hindered as education becomes an "accelerator" for social stratification, particularly in rural areas where digital teaching resources are lacking [2]. - Cultural homogenization is reinforced by a dominant "single success" narrative, marginalizing diverse educational paths and contributing to mental health issues among students [3]. Group 2: Proposed Solutions - A three-dimensional governance system focusing on "value-culture-ecology" is proposed to combat educational involution [4][5]. - Educational philosophy should return to a focus on comprehensive human development, with reforms in evaluation systems to include academic ability, practical innovation, and character development [4]. - The curriculum should be optimized to promote interdisciplinary learning and collaboration with research institutions and high-tech companies [4]. - A differentiated schooling policy is recommended to support the establishment of "specialized high schools" and encourage innovative educational paths [5]. - The creation of a digital sharing platform for educational resources aims to enhance collaboration among schools and improve access to quality education [5]. - A dynamic ecological balance mechanism is suggested to ensure equitable distribution of educational resources, particularly in underdeveloped regions [6][7].