流感季 专家支招：如何恰当使用抗病毒药物

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant increase in sales of antiviral medications Oseltamivir and Baloxavir due to a rising flu season in China, with sales growth exceeding 100% as flu activity escalates nationwide [1]. Group 1: Flu Activity and Medication Sales - The flu season in China is currently experiencing a rapid increase in activity, with expectations for further escalation [1]. - Sales data indicates a notable rise in demand for antiviral drugs Oseltamivir and Baloxavir, both of which are effective against current flu strains [1]. Group 2: Appropriate Use of Antiviral Medications - Experts emphasize the importance of confirming the pathogen before administering antiviral medications, as some common cold symptoms may be caused by viruses that these medications do not affect [2][3]. - Early treatment is encouraged for confirmed flu infections, ideally within 48 hours of symptom onset for optimal effectiveness [3]. Group 3: Preventive Use and Recommendations - Oseltamivir can be used for prevention in individuals at risk, such as those who have been in close contact with flu patients, but should not be used as a preventive measure after symptoms appear [4]. - Different populations have varying requirements for preventive medication, with high-risk individuals advised to start treatment promptly after exposure [4]. Group 4: Diagnostic Tools and Limitations - Rapid test kits available in pharmacies can assist in initial flu diagnosis but may yield false negatives, necessitating further confirmation through nucleic acid testing if symptoms persist [5][6]. - The sensitivity of antigen tests is lower than that of nucleic acid tests, and negative results do not rule out flu infection, especially in high-risk groups [6].