以创新政策组合驱动新质生产力

Group 1 - The core argument emphasizes that the growth of new quality productivity relies on both "innovation" and "innovation-induced allocation" improvements, neglecting either aspect is inappropriate [1][3] - The competitiveness of a country's industry is primarily determined by the cost of production factors and technological levels, with China's past growth driven by relatively low production factor costs [1][2] - As China's economy expands and resource constraints increase, the comparative advantage based on low costs is declining, necessitating a shift from factor-driven growth to innovation-driven growth [1][2] Group 2 - The traditional growth model relies on large-scale input of capital, labor, and land, but recent declines in capital and human capital returns necessitate a transition towards efficiency and technological progress [2][3] - New quality productivity development is strategically significant for enhancing total factor productivity, with micro-level improvements through R&D, digital transformation, and organizational management [2][3] - Approximately 22% of total factor productivity growth can be attributed to new quality productivity, with internal innovation contributing about 9% and resource allocation efficiency contributing about 13% [3] Group 3 - The formation of new quality productivity requires supportive institutional frameworks and market demand guidance, focusing on the diffusion effects of innovation on resource allocation and industrial upgrading [4][5] - Innovation policies are critical institutional variables influencing the formation of new quality productivity, affecting both individual enterprises and broader market efficiencies [4][5] - Innovation policies can be categorized into pre-emptive policies, which lower barriers to innovation, and post-innovation policies, which protect intellectual property and ensure returns on innovation [5][6] Group 4 - Pre-emptive policies have historically played a significant role in promoting innovation diffusion but may lead to structural constraints and misallocation of resources [5][6] - Post-innovation policies are essential for protecting the returns on successful innovations, motivating enterprises to undertake long-term R&D despite uncertainties [6] - The transition from imitation-based to original innovation necessitates a shift in the innovation policy framework from pre-emptive support to post-innovation incentives, allowing market forces to guide innovation directions [6]