石峁遗址人群来源是哪？古DNA研究破解谜题

Core Insights - The research confirms that the main population of the Shijia culture originated from the late Yangshao period in northern Shaanxi, establishing continuity in cultural and population development [1] - The study reveals close genetic connections between the Shijia culture population and surrounding groups, showcasing extensive interactions among prehistoric agricultural and pastoral communities [1][8] - The research reconstructs a family lineage spanning four generations within the Shijia ancient city, providing unprecedented insights into the social hierarchy based on patrilineal kinship, which is crucial for understanding the formation of early states in China [1][7] Research Methodology - The research team conducted a large-scale, high-resolution genomic study on 169 ancient human samples from various archaeological sites, including Shijia and its surrounding areas [1][5] - The study utilized ancient DNA to reconstruct the complex social organization and hierarchical structure of the largest known prehistoric city in China, which exhibits early state characteristics [5][7] Significance of Findings - The research provides solid genetic evidence for the continuous evolution of Chinese civilization from local Yangshao residents [7][8] - It highlights the genetic relationships between the Shijia culture and neighboring cultures, indicating a rich tapestry of cultural interactions during prehistoric times [8] - The findings offer a new framework for understanding the power inheritance models and social structures of early East Asian states, significantly enhancing the understanding of the origins and early development of civilization in northern China [7][8]