美国土安全部炒作中美北极竞争，专家：美方面临“心有余而力不足”困境

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. is increasingly concerned about China's growing presence in the Arctic, with a focus on the potential challenges to U.S. maritime sovereignty and national security due to the expansion of China's icebreaker fleet [1][2]. Group 1: U.S. Government Actions and Plans - The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) warns that by 2025, the number of Chinese military and research vessels operating in the Arctic will reach unprecedented levels, posing a potential challenge to U.S. maritime sovereignty [1]. - The DHS has developed a "National Workforce Development Plan" to address the shortage of shipbuilding workers in the U.S. and aims to collaborate with Canada and Finland to ensure Arctic security [1]. - The U.S. Coast Guard has prioritized funding and construction of icebreakers to compete with countries like China [1]. Group 2: Strategic Importance of the Arctic - The Arctic region is becoming increasingly important for U.S. national security, economic prosperity, and global leadership, especially as other countries enhance their capabilities in these areas [1]. - The warming climate has made Arctic shipping routes more accessible, potentially turning them into the busiest energy transport corridors globally, which the U.S. does not want to miss out on [2]. - The U.S. Coast Guard requires more modern vessels to effectively maintain U.S. interests in the Arctic in the 21st century [2]. Group 3: Challenges Faced by the U.S. - The U.S. faces significant challenges in developing its Arctic capabilities, including a lack of sufficient icebreakers, an underdeveloped shipbuilding industry, and a shortage of skilled workers [2]. - The U.S. is heavily reliant on external supply chains for its shipbuilding needs, complicating its efforts to enhance its Arctic presence [2]. Group 4: China's Position - China has expressed its commitment to participating in Arctic affairs based on principles of respect, cooperation, and sustainable development, positioning itself as a significant stakeholder in the region [2].