新时代的中国军控、裁军与防扩散

Core Viewpoint - The white paper titled "China's Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation in the New Era" emphasizes China's commitment to peace, development, and international cooperation in arms control and disarmament, while addressing the complex global security landscape and advocating for a multilateral approach to security governance [4][5]. Group 1: International Security and Arms Control Situation - The current international security landscape is characterized by increased geopolitical tensions, arms races, and regional conflicts, necessitating a renewed focus on multilateral arms control efforts [6][7]. - Major powers are competing for strategic advantages, leading to heightened military expenditures and regional instability, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region [6][7]. - The erosion of international arms control frameworks due to unilateral actions by certain countries poses significant challenges to global security [7]. Group 2: China's Policy Position on Arms Control - China's arms control policy is rooted in its cultural values of peace and cooperation, aiming to establish a world of lasting peace and universal security [9][10]. - The country advocates for a new type of international relations based on mutual respect, fairness, and win-win cooperation, emphasizing the importance of global governance [9][10]. - China maintains a defensive national defense policy, rejecting hegemonism and arms races, while promoting transparency in defense spending [10][11]. Group 3: Constructive Participation in International Arms Control - China actively engages in multilateral arms control processes, particularly in nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons, and adheres to international treaties [13][14]. - The country promotes the principle of no first use of nuclear weapons and advocates for nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation [15][19]. - China supports the establishment of a fair and just international arms control system, opposing double standards and unilateral actions that undermine global security [11][24]. Group 4: Emerging Areas of International Security Governance - China emphasizes the importance of governance in emerging security domains such as outer space, cybersecurity, and artificial intelligence, advocating for international cooperation and the establishment of norms [39][40]. - The country opposes the militarization of outer space and promotes the peaceful use of space, calling for comprehensive governance frameworks [39][40]. - China is committed to enhancing global biosecurity governance and actively participates in international efforts to prevent the misuse of biological technologies [30][31]. Group 5: Strengthening Non-Proliferation and Peaceful Use of Technology - China advocates for the peaceful use of nuclear energy and opposes the politicization of nuclear cooperation, supporting the rights of developing countries to access nuclear technology [27][28]. - The country emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to non-proliferation, urging all nuclear-armed states to commit to disarmament and non-proliferation obligations [24][25]. - China actively participates in international discussions on arms trade and supports measures to prevent the illicit transfer of conventional weapons [37][38].