买试剂在家测流感怎样才可靠？抗病毒药物该如何选？专家解答

Core Insights - The flu season is experiencing a significant increase in cases, leading to a surge in demand for antiviral medications and testing kits [1][2] - Home testing for flu is becoming popular, but the reliability of such tests can vary, especially in symptomatic patients [2][3] - Different antiviral medications are available, each with specific usage guidelines and target populations [4][5] Group 1: Flu Activity and Market Response - Flu activity has rapidly increased since November, with many regions reporting flu activity at or above epidemic levels, including 955 reported outbreaks from November 10 to 16 [1] - The positivity rate for flu virus in respiratory samples from sentinel hospitals has reached over 38% [1] - Sales of antiviral medications, particularly Oseltamivir and Baloxavir, have seen over a 200% increase in some areas, with some testing kits experiencing a tenfold increase in sales [2] Group 2: Home Testing and Reliability - Home testing kits for flu are available, but their reliability can be affected by factors such as the viral load in the patient and the accuracy of the testing method [2] - While positive results can confirm flu, negative results do not necessarily rule it out, especially in symptomatic individuals [2][3] Group 3: Antiviral Medications - The main antiviral drugs for flu include Oseltamivir and Baloxavir, with new domestic innovations also approved for use [4][5] - Oseltamivir is widely used and suitable for various populations, including pregnant women and young children, while Baloxavir requires only a single dose but is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women due to limited data [5] - All antiviral medications are prescription drugs and should be used under medical guidance, especially for individuals with underlying health conditions [5][6]