可持续方法论｜以《国际绿色航运走廊合作倡议》为契机，加速航运脱碳

Core Viewpoint - The global shipping industry, responsible for over 80% of goods transport, faces significant challenges in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which currently account for about 2%-3% of global emissions. The International Maritime Organization warns that emissions could rise to 1.5-3.5 times the 2008 levels by 2050, necessitating a systemic transformation in fuel alternatives, energy efficiency, and infrastructure connectivity [1][3]. International Progress and Policy Landscape - The EU has introduced the FuelEU Maritime initiative under the "Fit for 55" framework, aiming to progressively tighten greenhouse gas intensity limits for marine fuels, targeting a 2% reduction by 2025 and an 80% reduction by 2050 compared to 2020 levels. This encourages investments in renewable fuels and low-carbon technologies [3]. - The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) includes shipping, providing a carbon price signal to enhance marginal abatement costs, prompting companies to balance energy efficiency improvements, fuel alternatives, and operational optimizations [3]. - Over 60 green shipping corridor projects have been announced or planned globally, although only one-third have progressed to feasibility studies or pilot phases due to high initial investment costs and lack of standardization [3]. China's Policy and Engineering Practices - Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, China has been enhancing its top-level design for green and low-carbon transformation in transportation, with a focus on the shipping industry's green and digital development [4]. - Approximately 60 automated terminals have been established, with significant advancements in shore power usage, reaching nearly 200 million kilowatt-hours. Shanghai is a leader in LNG and methanol dual-fuel refueling [4]. - The "Green Development Action Plan for Shipbuilding Industry (2024-2030)" aims to integrate green and low-carbon improvements across the entire lifecycle of ships, promoting collaboration across the industry [4]. Insights from the International Green Shipping Corridor Cooperation Initiative - The initiative emphasizes voluntary and open collaboration among governments, ports, shipping companies, and fuel suppliers, proposing seven measures to enhance clean fuel application and infrastructure development [5][6]. - It aims to create a closed-loop mechanism linking policy, technology, infrastructure, and market dynamics to facilitate the transition from demonstration projects to large-scale implementation [6]. - The initiative advocates for a collaborative supply chain for clean fuels, addressing the current fragmentation and promoting long-term contracts and joint investments [6]. Technological and Standardization Collaboration - The initiative highlights the need for technological and standardization collaboration to reduce systemic costs and support large-scale replication of clean fuel technologies [7]. - It calls for the establishment of a mutual recognition certification system for sustainable shipping fuels, which would streamline regulatory processes and reduce compliance costs [7]. Fair Transition and Global Cooperation - The initiative stresses the importance of equitable transition principles, supporting developing countries in upgrading port infrastructure and localizing green fuel production [8]. - It suggests exploring demonstration projects in emerging shipping routes and enhancing multilateral financing and technical cooperation to ensure broader participation in the global corridor network [8]. - By operationalizing fairness through funding, technology, and institutional arrangements, the initiative aims to ensure that the benefits of green transformation are widely distributed, promoting sustainable and equitable progress in the global shipping industry [8].