专访新加坡国立大学东亚研究所陈波：美与东盟国家贸易协议“大多难以产生实质影响”

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes that unilateralism cannot genuinely earn the trust of trade partners, as pressure may yield short-term results but fails to foster sincere cooperation [1][4][6] - The recent bilateral communication between Malaysia and China regarding the "Malaysia-US Equitable Trade Agreement" highlights China's concerns over certain aspects of the agreement, urging Malaysia to consider its long-term interests [1][2] - The agreements signed by the Trump administration with ASEAN countries, including Malaysia, reflect a unilateral approach that distorts trade structures and promotes a zero-sum game mentality [2][4] Group 2 - The potential for trade fragmentation in Southeast Asia is mitigated by the countries' resistance to unilateral "equitable tariff" agreements, as they have benefited from cooperative economic development [5][6] - The cooperation in the rare earth sector between the US and Southeast Asian nations is questioned due to the lack of resources and processing capabilities in these countries, indicating a disconnect between political intentions and practical realities [5][6] - China's potential accession to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is projected to boost GDP growth for member countries and enhance trade relations, benefiting all parties involved [7][8] Group 3 - The deepening economic relationship between China and ASEAN is evident, with ASEAN becoming China's largest trading partner, showcasing the mutual benefits of trade liberalization [9][10] - China's infrastructure projects in Southeast Asia, such as railways, have significantly contributed to the region's economic development, demonstrating the strong interdependence between trade and infrastructure [10] - The resilience of the China-ASEAN supply chain is highlighted by the continued growth in trade despite external pressures, indicating a robust partnership that contrasts with unilateral approaches [10][11]