越南拟推《人工智能法》 中企出海可在合规框架下聚焦三大优势领域

Core Viewpoint - Vietnam's draft Artificial Intelligence Law aims to establish a balanced regulatory framework that emphasizes human-centric principles while managing risks and encouraging innovation. This will be Vietnam's first dedicated law for the AI sector, expected to take effect in March 2026 if approved [1][2]. Regulatory Framework - The draft law encompasses a broad regulatory scope, covering both domestic and foreign entities operating AI in Vietnam, as well as systems developed abroad that serve Vietnamese users, ensuring accountability for foreign tech suppliers [2]. - A four-tier risk classification system is proposed, categorizing AI systems into: - Prohibited: Systems that pose severe threats to national security, human dignity, and social order [2]. - High-risk: Systems in critical sectors like finance and healthcare, requiring government compliance assessment before market entry [2]. - Medium-risk: Systems that interact directly with users or generate content, necessitating clear AI attribute labeling [3]. - Low-risk: Systems with minimal socio-economic impact, subject to voluntary regulation and post-monitoring [4]. Incentive Policies - The draft law introduces several incentive measures to foster a healthy AI industry ecosystem: - Establishment of a national AI database for enterprise registration and monitoring, offering infrastructure support and tax incentives for participating companies [5]. - Encouragement of public-private partnerships in AI infrastructure, recognizing digital assets as legitimate contributions for financing [5]. - Planning for AI clusters in high-tech parks and universities, providing shared facilities and tax incentives [5]. - Introduction of a sandbox testing mechanism for SMEs and innovative startups to test new AI products in a controlled environment [5]. Market Opportunities for Chinese Companies - Chinese AI companies are encouraged to focus on three key areas in Vietnam: AI infrastructure, technology applications, and end products, while adhering to compliance requirements [6]. - In AI infrastructure, Vietnam is emerging as a hotspot for investments, with significant cost advantages compared to other ASEAN countries, making it attractive for data center development [7]. - In AI technology applications, there is a strong demand in sectors like smart cities and transportation, with several Chinese firms already establishing partnerships in Vietnam [8]. - In the end products sector, Chinese companies are deepening their presence, particularly in commercial smart devices and consumer electronics, with ongoing collaborations in Vietnam [9].