互联网法院案件管辖新规顺应数字经济发展变化——强化网络空间依法治理

Core Viewpoint - The Supreme Court's new regulations expand the jurisdiction of internet courts to include four new categories of online cases, enhancing the judicial efficiency and governance of the digital space [1][3]. Group 1: New Jurisdiction Categories - The new regulations introduce four categories of cases under the jurisdiction of internet courts: "network data ownership, infringement, and contract disputes," "network personal information protection and privacy disputes," "network virtual property ownership, infringement, and contract disputes," and "network unfair competition disputes" [1][3]. - Traditional online infringement disputes, such as financial loan contract disputes and copyright ownership disputes, will no longer fall under the jurisdiction of internet courts but will be handled by local grassroots courts [1][3]. Group 2: Judicial Adaptation and Innovation - The establishment of internet courts represents a significant institutional innovation to adapt the judiciary to the trends of internet development, with the first internet court established in Hangzhou in August 2017, followed by others in Beijing and Guangzhou [1][2]. - The core function of internet courts has evolved from "innovating trial mechanisms" to "outputting rules for internet governance," indicating a shift towards more comprehensive legal frameworks for new types of online disputes [2]. Group 3: Impact on Litigation Experience - The adjustment in jurisdiction is expected to enhance the litigation experience for parties involved, improving the quality and efficiency of case handling through optimized trial mechanisms [4]. - The three cities hosting internet courts—Beijing, Hangzhou, and Guangzhou—are key hubs for digital economic innovation, making them focal points for complex online disputes [4][5]. Group 4: Challenges and Professional Requirements - There are existing challenges in judicial practice regarding the clarity of adjudication standards and legal applications for new types of cases, particularly those related to data rights and unfair competition [2]. - Cases involving artificial intelligence present high technical barriers and complexities, necessitating a high level of judicial expertise to ensure accurate fact-finding and legal interpretation [4][5].