科学防艾，这几点要知道

Core Viewpoint - The importance of early detection and treatment in HIV/AIDS prevention is emphasized, as it significantly reduces the risk of opportunistic infections and complications, ultimately lowering the economic burden on patients [1][2]. Group 1: Early Detection and Treatment - Early detection of HIV allows for intervention before the immune system is severely compromised, which can significantly lower the risk of opportunistic infections [1]. - Delaying diagnosis due to misconceptions about false positives or lack of symptoms can lead to missed treatment opportunities and increased health risks [1]. - Effective suppression of viral load through early treatment greatly reduces the risk of HIV transmission, benefiting both the patient and the broader community [1]. Group 2: Prevention Methods - The main transmission routes for HIV include sexual contact, blood exposure, and mother-to-child transmission, with specific preventive measures recommended for each [2]. - Safe sex practices, such as consistent condom use and avoiding multiple sexual partners, are crucial in preventing sexual transmission [2]. - For blood transmission, it is advised to avoid sharing needles and ensure that any blood products are tested; also, procedures like tattooing should be done in regulated environments [2]. - Pregnant women with HIV should receive timely antiviral treatment to prevent mother-to-child transmission, with most able to give birth to healthy babies through proper intervention [2]. - In cases of high-risk behavior, seeking medical attention within 72 hours can help block the virus's replication, serving as a critical last line of defense against transmission [2]. - Common social interactions do not pose a risk for HIV transmission, as the virus does not survive well outside the human body [2].