如何理解人均GDP冲刺“中等发达”？

Core Viewpoint - The "15th Five-Year Plan" aims for China's per capita GDP to reach the level of middle-developed countries by 2035, marking a significant milestone in national modernization and improving the quality of life for citizens [3][4][11]. Economic Growth Targets - The plan sets a target for an average annual GDP growth of 4.17% during the "15th" and "16th" Five-Year periods, considering a projected annual population decrease of about 0.20% [3][7]. - Achieving the target of per capita GDP exceeding $20,000 (current price) and doubling the 2020 per capita GDP by 2035 is emphasized as a key measure for reaching the middle-developed country status [7][8]. Historical Context and Strategic Evolution - The concept of reaching the per capita GDP of middle-developed countries originated from the "Three-Step" strategy proposed in the 1980s and has been a consistent goal in the Communist Party's modernization plans [4][5]. - The 19th National Congress and subsequent meetings have reiterated the importance of this goal, positioning it as a critical indicator of achieving socialist modernization by 2035 [4][5]. Challenges and Considerations - The transition to a developed economy requires maintaining a growth rate of around 4.5% during the "15th Five-Year Plan" to accommodate demographic changes and economic dynamics [9][11]. - The need for structural reforms and the enhancement of productivity through innovation is highlighted as essential for overcoming challenges such as an aging population and declining total population [11][12]. Regional Development and Contributions - Economic provinces like Zhejiang and Jiangsu are setting ambitious growth targets, aiming for per capita GDP to reach levels comparable to developed economies, thus supporting national objectives [12][13]. - The focus on expanding domestic demand and fostering new economic drivers is seen as crucial for sustaining growth and achieving the outlined goals [13].