青藏高原隆升何以造就烟雨江南？中国团队最新研究揭晓答案

Core Viewpoint - The research led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences reveals the connection between the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the transformation of East Asian climate, emphasizing that without the Tibetan Plateau, the fertile region of Jiangnan would not exist [3][6]. Group 1: Uplift Stages of the Tibetan Plateau - The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has undergone three main stages: 1. Formation of the "two mountains and one basin" structure from 65 million to 40 million years ago, where the Gangdise and Central Mountain ranges rose above 4500 meters, while the central valley remained below 1700 meters [4]. 2. Collaborative uplift of Eastern Tibet and the Central Valley from 40 million to 25 million years ago, leading to the initial formation of a unified plateau [5]. 3. Final shaping of the modern plateau from 25 million to 15 million years ago, with significant uplift of the Himalayas and surrounding regions, establishing the current high-altitude landscape [5][9]. Group 2: Climate Transformation Mechanism - The research illustrates the connection between the differential uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the transition of East Asia from arid desert to a fertile region known as "the land of fish and rice" [6][9]. - Between 65 million and 40 million years ago, the central valley was a low desert area controlled by subtropical high pressure, while the surrounding mountains were not high enough to block atmospheric circulation [6]. - By 25 million years ago, the central valley had risen to near modern elevation, leading to the establishment of a temperate alpine forest landscape and stabilizing the South Asian and East Asian monsoon systems [9]. Group 3: Future Research Directions - Future research directions include: 1. Employing interdisciplinary methods to develop new types of paleoelevation measurements [10]. 2. Conducting quantitative reconstructions in data-scarce areas around the Tibetan Plateau to fill knowledge gaps [10]. 3. Building high-resolution regional Earth system models to study the impacts of plateau uplift on atmospheric circulation, water cycles, and biodiversity [10].