最高法发布七大典型案例！相关部门答中证报记者问

Core Viewpoint - The Supreme People's Court has released seven typical civil and commercial cases to ensure equal legal protection for the legitimate rights and interests of private enterprises, addressing issues such as financing difficulties and costs [1][2]. Group 1: Legal Protection for Private Enterprises - The seven typical cases cover various aspects including optimization of the financing environment, activation of shareholder limited liability, resolution of historical issues, and protection of corporate reputation [2][3]. - The court emphasized the principle of equal protection for both state-owned and private enterprises, ensuring that legal rights are upheld without retroactive application of laws [3][4]. Group 2: Financial Institution Regulation - The court ruled against a bank that charged a "financing commitment fee" of 10 million yuan before providing a loan of 350 million yuan, deeming it a violation of transparency and fairness principles [2][3]. - In another case, a bank's demand for early loan repayment was rejected as the borrower had only a minor delay in interest payment, reinforcing the boundaries of financial institutions' rights [3][4]. Group 3: Shareholder Limited Liability - The court upheld the limited liability of shareholders, protecting those who have fulfilled their investment obligations from being added as defendants in execution cases, thereby encouraging investment and entrepreneurship [4][5]. - The court is committed to maintaining the independence of corporate assets and holding controlling shareholders accountable for any misuse of their position [4]. Group 4: Innovative Execution Measures - The court implemented pre-execution measures in a contract dispute case to ensure that the winning party could access their rights without jeopardizing their financial stability, promoting a win-win resolution [4]. - The focus is on creating a fair and predictable legal environment to support the sustainable and high-quality development of the private economy [5][6]. Group 5: Collaboration with Business Associations - The All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce plans to strengthen communication and collaboration with the Supreme People's Court to support the healthy development of the private economy [6]. - The federation's surveys indicate that the legal environment has consistently ranked high among various factors affecting business operations, reflecting the courts' commitment to their responsibilities [6].