【环时深度】米莱上台两周年，阿根廷民众怎么看

Core Points - The recent midterm elections in Argentina resulted in a surprising victory for Javier Milei's right-wing coalition, the "La Libertad Avanza" party, which is seen as a public endorsement of his austerity measures and neoliberal policies [2][4] - Milei's government has implemented strict austerity measures, leading to a significant reduction in monthly inflation rates from 25% in December 2023 to around 2% recently, and a decrease in poverty rates from 52.9% to 31.6% [3][8] - Despite the economic improvements, there are concerns about the social costs of these reforms, with many citizens feeling the burden of austerity measures and expressing dissatisfaction with the growing inequality [3][5] Political Landscape - The "La Libertad Avanza" party secured over one-third of the seats in Congress, allowing Milei to block opposition attempts to overturn presidential decrees, thus strengthening his political foundation [2][4] - Public sentiment is mixed, with some citizens preferring the uncertainty of Milei's reforms over a return to previous governance, reflecting a broader disillusionment with traditional political parties [4][6] Economic Implications - Milei's victory has created new opportunities for debt issuance, potentially attracting much-needed foreign investment, particularly in sectors like oil and gas [2][3] - The government has made significant cuts to federal spending, reducing it by approximately 30% and cutting the number of public employees by about 15% [3][8] - Argentina's debt stands at approximately $56.944 billion, and the country is seeking to attract investment in infrastructure to support economic growth [3][7] Social Reactions - Many citizens express a sense of stability but also highlight the increasing financial strain, with reports of rising debt among working individuals [3][5] - There is a growing concern that the benefits of Milei's policies are disproportionately favoring the wealthy, leading to a perception of increased inequality [3][6] International Relations - The relationship between Argentina and the United States has become complex, with recent support from the U.S. government for Milei's administration, including a $20 billion currency swap agreement [7][8] - However, there are fears that U.S. support may come with strings attached, potentially undermining Argentina's economic sovereignty [7][8] Future Outlook - Analysts suggest that while Milei's reforms have shown some success, the sustainability of these policies remains in question, particularly regarding social equity and long-term economic stability [8][9] - The upcoming elections in 2027 could pose significant challenges for Milei if social discontent continues to grow due to ongoing austerity measures [9]