全球大宗商品海运成本激增，原油今年增幅最大达467%

Group 1 - Global shipping freight rates for bulk commodities are experiencing a rare year-end increase due to disruptions in supply chains caused by conflicts, sanctions, and production surges [1] - The average daily cost of shipping crude oil on major global routes has surged by 467% this year, while liquefied natural gas (LNG) and iron ore shipping rates have increased by over four times and more than two times, respectively [1] - Shipping executives anticipate that the overall market supply tightness will persist at least until early next year, indicating a highly strained shipping market [1] Group 2 - Despite a slight decline in freight rates from peak levels by the end of November, high transportation costs continue to trigger chain reactions throughout the shipping market, leading U.S. LNG buyers to consider delaying cargo loading [2] - The international container shipping prices have seen a decrease, with the Drewry World Container Index dropping by 2% to $1,806 per 40-foot container, primarily due to falling rates on trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe routes [2] - Major U.S. retailers, such as Walmart, have rushed to import goods to avoid tariffs imposed by the White House, creating an early "peak season" but potentially weakening freight prospects for the remainder of the year [2]