道阻且长、行则将至，业界共议智能船舶“未来航道”

Core Viewpoint - The development of intelligent shipping is seen as a significant opportunity for the maritime industry, despite the challenges posed by technology, standards, regulations, and business models [1][4]. Group 1: Challenges in Intelligent Shipping - The maritime environment is complex and variable, impacting ship operations significantly, which tests the limits of intelligent systems in perception, decision-making, and control stability [2]. - There is a growing issue of crew shortages, making the automation of certain functions a necessity rather than an option, especially in remote operations where communication is challenging [2]. - The three main challenges for intelligent shipping are extreme environments, human resource shortages, and limited communication capabilities [2]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The integration of artificial intelligence and machine vision is a focal point for the industry, with the development of intelligent safety systems aimed at enhancing navigation safety and reducing human error [2][3]. - The introduction of assisted docking systems is likened to having a "smart pilot," making docking operations safer and more efficient [3]. Group 3: Regulatory Framework and Standards - The development of intelligent shipping requires a reevaluation of existing rules and standards, particularly concerning the operation of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) [4][5]. - Non-mandatory MASS regulations are expected to be finalized by 2026, with mandatory rules to be developed by 2028 and implemented by 2032 [5]. Group 4: Industry Collaboration - The advancement of intelligent shipping necessitates collaboration across the entire industry chain, emphasizing the importance of international cooperation to address fragmented technical standards [5][6]. - The Shanghai Shipbuilding Research Institute is actively involved in the legislative work for MASS, contributing to the development of rules and standards [5]. Group 5: Human-Machine Interaction - The ultimate goal of intelligent shipping is not to create fully autonomous vessels but to achieve a harmonious balance between human operators and intelligent systems [7]. - The transition from human-centric operations to human-machine collaboration requires clear definitions of operational boundaries and the ability for systems to revert control to human crew members when necessary [7]. Group 6: Future Outlook - The wave of intelligent shipping is expected to reshape every aspect of the maritime industry, although it will not instantaneously transform traditional shipping methods [8].