为能源低碳转化擘画新未来——中国科学院工程热物理研究所循环流化床技术开发应用纪实

Core Viewpoint - The research team from the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made significant advancements in low-carbon energy conversion, particularly in coal gasification and biomass gasification technologies, emphasizing the principles of market feasibility, technical feasibility, and economic feasibility [1][3]. Group 1: Coal Gasification Technology - The team has successfully developed circulating fluidized bed (CFB) gasification technology, which is adaptable to various coal types, including lignite and high-alkali content coal, addressing the complexity of coal quality [2][3]. - The CFB gasification technology has been implemented in over 100 units across China, with a maximum single-unit daily processing capacity of 2,600 tons, and some equipment has been exported internationally [2][3]. - The technology has achieved long-term stable operation, with a record continuous operation time of over 1,500 days for a gasifier built in Indonesia [2]. Group 2: Principles of Feasibility - The research team adheres to the "three feasibilities" principle: principle feasibility, technical feasibility, and economic feasibility, ensuring that their innovations align with market demands [3]. - The CFB coal gasification technology utilizes atmospheric oxygen gasification, which reduces equipment costs and is suitable for small and medium-sized ammonia synthesis enterprises [3]. Group 3: Biomass Gasification Technology - The team has developed a biomass gasification technology that can adapt to various biomass materials through an intelligent adjustment system, addressing challenges such as low energy density and composition variability [4]. - A 500 tons/day biomass gasification device is currently in testing, with plans to develop a pressurized CFB gasification technology to enhance economic viability [4]. Group 4: Future Energy System and Low-Carbon Technology Integration - The team aims to create a comprehensive supply chain for energy production from biomass, including research on energy plants and genetic modification to optimize biomass for gasification [5]. - The concept of "green heat" is proposed as a new approach to energy transmission, utilizing thermal energy for gasification and pyrolysis processes, which could address the volatility of renewable energy sources [6]. - The team is exploring the synergistic use of biomass and fossil fuels, as well as the conversion of waste plastics into clean energy through CFB technology [6]. - The importance of policy support and market mechanisms is emphasized for the successful application of low-carbon technologies, advocating for a complete certification system for green carbon-containing chemicals [6].