俄乌冲突后普京首访印度，聚焦能源与防务合作

Core Points - The visit of Russian President Putin to India on December 4 marks the first visit since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, aiming to strengthen the "special and privileged strategic partnership" between Russia and India [1][5] - The 23rd India-Russia summit is expected to result in the signing of approximately 10 intergovernmental and departmental documents, along with over 15 commercial agreements and memorandums [1][4] Energy Cooperation - Energy cooperation is anticipated to be a prominent topic at the summit, including Indian investments in Russia's Far East and the expansion of civil nuclear cooperation [5][6] - For Russia, expanding energy cooperation with India demonstrates its substantial market presence despite Western sanctions, while India benefits from purchasing oil at favorable prices and potentially reselling processed oil for profit [2][5] - Following U.S. sanctions on Russian oil, India's imports of Russian oil are expected to drop to a three-month low in December [2][5] Defense Cooperation - Defense cooperation is another key area of focus, with India expected to push for the expedited delivery of two additional S-400 air defense systems, following the receipt of three systems under a $5.4 billion agreement from 2018 [6][7] - Discussions may also include collaboration on the S-500 air defense system, joint production of Su-30MKI fighter jets and T-90 tanks, and upgrades to the BrahMos missile project [7] - Despite diversifying military hardware procurement, Russia remains India's largest supplier, with ongoing interest in selling the Su-57 stealth fighter to India [7]