（经济观察）全球造船业“向东看” 长三角船厂成“引力场”

Core Insights - The global shipbuilding industry is increasingly shifting towards China, with Chinese shipyards capturing 64.2% of new global ship orders as of mid-2023, maintaining the world's largest market share for 16 consecutive years [1][2] - The three major shipyards in Shanghai—Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding, China Shipbuilding Jiangnan, and Hudong-Zhonghua—are projected to deliver 69 ships and receive 128 new orders in 2024, marking a year-on-year increase of 19% and 70% respectively [1] - The focus on "green" and "smart" technologies is driving order flows, with Chinese shipyards actively developing high-end vessels such as large container ships and energy transport ships [3][4] Industry Trends - The shift of the shipbuilding industry's center of gravity towards China is attributed to the decline of European shipbuilding due to rising labor costs and a shrinking workforce, while China's advancements in smart transformation have created key opportunities [1][2] - Traditional shipyards are struggling with low production efficiency due to a lack of R&D capabilities and non-standard production models, prompting many shipyards in the Yangtze River Delta to integrate industrial internet and AI into their processes [2] - The introduction of AI technologies has significantly improved production efficiency, with examples including a 50% reduction in manual labor for welding defect detection and a shortened project cycle for large cruise ships [2] Market Position - As of mid-2023, China has secured nearly 70% of global green ship orders, achieving full coverage of mainstream ship types [4] - Hudong-Zhonghua has developed a series of green ship design solutions and showcased advanced products at the recent maritime exhibition, including the world's largest LNG ship [4] - The reputation and brand trust in the shipping industry are becoming more significant than mere pricing, indicating that as the quality of Chinese ships continues to improve, their position in the global shipping market will strengthen [4]