0-18岁孩子心理发展的5个阶段（父母必看）

Core Points - The article emphasizes the importance of children's psychological development and the role of parents in guiding this process through understanding various developmental stages [1] Group 1: Stages of Psychological Development - Stage 1: Infancy (0-1.5 years) focuses on the conflict between trust and mistrust, where the establishment of trust is crucial for future hope and self-confidence [2] - Stage 2: Early Childhood (1.5-3 years) highlights the need for autonomy, where children begin to assert independence and require encouragement to develop a sense of self-control [3] - Stage 3: Preschool Age (4-5 years) discusses the balance between initiative and guilt, emphasizing the importance of allowing children to explore and ask questions to foster their initiative [4] - Stage 4: Childhood (6-12 years) centers on the conflict of industry versus inferiority, where children's achievements in school and social settings shape their self-esteem and work ethic [6] - Stage 5: Adolescence (12-18 years) addresses the critical period of identity formation, where teenagers seek to understand themselves and establish their roles in society, moving away from parental dependence [7]