如何应对AI就业挑战？蔡昉提出“三驾马车”：事前对标就业优先、事中人机协作、事后普惠社保

Core Viewpoint - The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on employment in China has not yet fully manifested, but it is expected to have significant effects soon, potentially leading to polarization in the labor market if not managed properly [1][5]. Group 1: AI's Impact on Employment - AI, particularly with the emergence of large language models, has already begun to influence the job market, presenting a dual nature where it can both benefit and disrupt employment [3][7]. - The nature of disruptive technologies like AI is inherently a "double-edged sword," complicating the narrative around its effects on jobs [3][7]. Group 2: Strategies to Address AI Employment Challenges - There are three key strategies, referred to as the "three carriages," to address the employment challenges posed by AI: 1. Pre-emptive Measures: Before AI technologies and labor enter the market, it is crucial to align their relationship, emphasizing that AI development should prioritize employment [4][7]. 2. In-Market Collaboration: During the coexistence of AI and human labor in the market, achieving optimal matching and collaboration is essential, with a focus on cultivating human capital [4][7]. 3. Post-Implementation Support: Regardless of prior actions, there is no guarantee of positive outcomes, and a comprehensive social security system is necessary to mitigate negative effects and ensure equitable sharing of AI benefits [4][7].