从监测“落地雨”前置到“云中雨”，长江干流首套水利测雨雷达系统完成部署

Core Viewpoint - The deployment of the first hydrological rain measurement radar system on the Yangtze River marks a significant enhancement in rainwater monitoring and forecasting capabilities for major water conservancy infrastructure in China [1][3]. Group 1: Technological Advancements - Traditional rain measurement methods using rain gauges are limited to recording precipitation that has reached the ground, which can be influenced by environmental factors and has a low resolution [3]. - The new generation rain measurement radar system overcomes the limitations of ground-based rain gauges by providing a comprehensive three-dimensional scan of liquid water in the atmosphere, allowing for detailed monitoring and forecasting of rainfall over an area of approximately 13,000 square kilometers around the Three Gorges Dam [3]. Group 2: Implementation and Future Plans - The first hydrological rain measurement radar system on the Yangtze River is scheduled to officially enter operation by the end of 2026, with a focus on data quality control, platform functionality enhancement, and intelligent application development [4]. - The Ministry of Water Resources is accelerating the construction of a three-tiered rainwater monitoring and forecasting system during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, with the Three Gorges Project being a key pilot for the first tier of radar construction and application [3][4]. Group 3: Monitoring and Forecasting System - The three-tiered rainwater monitoring and forecasting system consists of meteorological satellites, rain measurement radars, rain gauges, hydrological stations, and forecasting models [5]. - The first tier focuses on monitoring and forecasting "cloud rain" to extend short-term rainfall prediction periods, while the second tier aims to improve the accuracy of "ground rain" forecasts and warnings [5].