我国自主研发的“榫卯”基因编辑系统问世

Core Viewpoint - The research teams from Peking University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences have developed a new gene editing system called the "Mortise and Tenon" system, which allows for precise and scar-free DNA insertion and replacement, potentially revolutionizing crop breeding and ensuring food security [1][2]. Group 1: Technology Development - The "Mortise and Tenon" gene editing system (MT) enables efficient targeted DNA insertion and replacement, offering a new method for large fragment gene editing [1]. - The system's design is inspired by traditional Chinese woodworking techniques, utilizing matching "tenon" and "mortise" structures for precise DNA integration [1]. - Experimental validation in rice showed a maximum precision editing efficiency of 59.47%, with scar-free characteristics and stable genetic performance, indicating broad application prospects in functional gene research and rapid introduction of desirable traits [1]. Group 2: Future Applications and Implications - The system is characterized by strong specificity, comprehensive functionality, broad adaptability, and significant development potential, providing a powerful tool for precise genome editing [2]. - Future research will focus on optimizing donor delivery efficiency and preparation techniques to achieve precise insertion and editing of large DNA fragments, expanding the system's application scenarios [2]. - The system is expected to empower the improvement of traits in staple and economic crops, accelerating the breeding of high-yield, stress-resistant, and high-quality new varieties, addressing challenges such as the "yield reduction under stress" issue [2]. - The proprietary intellectual property of the system will facilitate a shift from "technology import" to "independent innovation" in China's precision editing field, enhancing its competitive voice in the global seed industry [2]. - The system fills a gap in autonomous precision breeding technology, promoting the deep transformation of precision editing technology from basic research to agricultural production practices [2].