瞭望 | 解码中国侵入式脑机接口崛起

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements in invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technology in China, highlighting its successful clinical trials and the collaborative ecosystem that supports its development [1][15]. Group 1: Clinical Trial and Technology Breakthrough - China's first invasive BCI clinical trial was successfully conducted, making it the second country after the United States to enter this phase [1][4]. - The trial participant, a male who lost his limbs due to an accident, can control a computer using his thoughts, demonstrating the technology's potential [1][2]. - The invasive BCI system is expected to receive regulatory approval by 2028, aiming to significantly improve the quality of life for patients with severe disabilities [4]. Group 2: Technical Challenges and Solutions - The invasive BCI technology faces three main scientific challenges: signal acquisition hardware, decoding technology, and safety verification [10][11]. - The system utilizes ultra-flexible electrodes to capture high-quality neural signals without damaging brain tissue, achieving a significant reduction in electrode size compared to competitors [11]. - Real-time decoding algorithms enable the system to translate neural signals into computer commands, adapting dynamically to the user's brain activity [12][13]. Group 3: Ecosystem and Collaborative Support - The rapid advancement of China's BCI technology is attributed to a well-structured ecosystem that includes top-level design and collaboration between medical and engineering fields [15][16]. - National initiatives like the "China Brain Project" and local support from Shanghai's government have created a robust framework for BCI research and development [16][18]. - Collaborative efforts among leading hospitals and research institutions have led to numerous clinical trials and the establishment of data-sharing alliances to enhance BCI technology [17][18].