世卫指南明确GLP-1类药物可治疗肥胖，呼吁降低用药负担

Core Insights - The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued a guideline stating that GLP-1 drugs can be used for long-term obesity treatment in adults, excluding pregnant women [1] - The guideline emphasizes that medication alone cannot fundamentally solve obesity; a healthier societal environment is necessary [1][2] - GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, semaglutide, and terzepatide, are recognized for their effectiveness in appetite suppression and energy intake reduction [1][2] Summary by Sections Drug Efficacy and Recommendations - GLP-1 drugs and GLP-1/GIP dual receptor agonists are recommended for long-term obesity treatment for individuals with a BMI of 30 or higher [1] - The guideline does not apply to individuals with a BMI between 27-30 kg/m² unless they have one or two obesity-related diseases [1] Lifestyle and Behavioral Changes - The guideline stresses the importance of lifestyle changes and behavioral counseling for obese individuals taking these medications, including reducing sedentary behavior and ensuring a balanced diet [2] - It highlights that lifestyle and dietary changes should be the first step in weight loss, rather than relying solely on medication [2] Policy and Accessibility - WHO describes the GLP-1 therapy as a milestone policy change, marking a shift in the perception of obesity from a lifestyle disease to a complex, preventable, and treatable chronic condition [2] - The organization warns that the high cost and limited accessibility of GLP-1 therapy mean that by 2030, less than 10% of patients will benefit from it, urging global strategies for expanded access [2][3] Health Equity and Environmental Changes - Incorporating obesity prevention and treatment into universal health coverage and financial protection mechanisms is crucial for equitable access to healthcare services [3] - WHO calls for strong public policies to create healthier environments, including taxing unhealthy foods and improving food labeling [3] - The recommendation for GLP-1 therapy is made with "conditional recommendation, moderate certainty evidence," indicating concerns about long-term efficacy, safety, and healthcare system readiness [3]