Leverage on the Rocks: Can Gen Z & Millennials Keep AmEx Premium?

Core Insights - American Express Company (AmEx) operates a unique business model by carrying loans on its own balance sheet, unlike Visa and Mastercard, which utilize asset-light networks. This allows AmEx to leverage borrowed capital to enhance earnings while maintaining a significant liquidity reserve for protection during tighter credit conditions [1][2] Financial Metrics - AmEx's long-term debt-to-capital ratio is 64.1%, exceeding the industry average of 43.5%. As of September 30, 2025, long-term debt was $57.8 billion, with short-term borrowings of $1.4 billion. Cash and cash equivalents increased to $54.7 billion from $40.6 billion at the end of 2024, indicating a strong liquidity position [2] - The forward price-to-earnings ratio for AmEx is 20.80X, lower than the industry average of 24.32X. The Zacks Consensus Estimate for AmEx's 2025 earnings is $15.43 per share, reflecting a 15.6% increase from the previous year [9][10] Customer Acquisition Strategy - AmEx is focusing on acquiring Gen Z and Millennial customers, issuing 3.2 million new proprietary cards in the third quarter, with 64% of these going to younger demographics. This strategy aims to cultivate future premium cohorts with higher lifetime values rather than pursuing mass volume [3][7] Risk Management - The company employs a risk management strategy that includes lower initial credit limits, leveraging behavioral data from its closed-loop network, and gradual underwriting processes. This approach allows AmEx to treat slightly higher seasoning losses as investments in long-term customer value [4] Competitive Advantage - AmEx differentiates itself from Visa and Mastercard by deeply integrating into the hospitality journey, enhancing customer experiences through partnerships and curated services. This strategy fosters emotional loyalty among consumers, particularly younger ones, strengthening AmEx's premium brand identity [5][7] Stock Performance - AmEx shares have increased by 22.1% year-to-date, contrasting with a 3.7% decline in the industry [6]