高功率微波：反制无人机蜂群的“杀手锏”

Core Viewpoint - The development and deployment of high-power microwave weapons are crucial in countering drone swarm attacks, demonstrating significant effectiveness with an 83% damage rate against 200 simulated drones during tests [4]. Group 1: Technology and Capabilities - High-power microwave weapons utilize directed electromagnetic pulses to damage targets, consisting of modules like microwave generators and antennas, enabling long-range electromagnetic interference and close-range destruction [1]. - These weapons are characterized by rapid strike capabilities, large damage areas, and strong adaptability, making them effective against drone swarms [2]. - The integration of phased array radar and optical detection systems allows for quick response and high mobility, addressing traditional radar limitations in detecting low-flying drones [3]. Group 2: Operational Advantages - High-power microwave weapons can disrupt and destroy the electronic components of drone swarms, effectively reducing the enemy's information and combat capabilities [3][5]. - The cost-effectiveness of these weapons is notable, with each attack costing only a few dollars, and they can be fired multiple times without the need for reloading [4]. - The weapons' operational design allows for stealthy engagement, minimizing detection risks while maintaining high effectiveness in target identification and tracking [5]. Group 3: Challenges and Future Directions - The efficiency of energy conversion in high-power microwave systems remains a challenge, with current systems achieving only about 30% efficiency, impacting their operational effectiveness against large drone swarms [7]. - The potential for self-interference with friendly electronic systems poses operational risks, particularly in complex environments [7]. - Future advancements in high-power microwave technology are expected to focus on energy efficiency, platform mobility, AI-assisted decision-making, and integration into a distributed electromagnetic warfare system [8][9].